ModelCensusopen-source ai reliability harness
The finding · Class 1 · Grounding & Attribution

Real context moved 0.0pp on Citation Resolution Failure.

Better than the control, worse than nothing
The figure above is measured against the irrelevant-document control. Against no context at all this card is worse: 16% bare against 20% with the best supplied source. What the source repaired is damage the presence of a document did.

~intervals overlap — not separated from no change

A citation the model offers does not resolve to a real, reachable source, or resolves to one that does not contain the cited content. The rule

openai/gpt-4ofmi_1_25 repeatsfmi_1_2_v1
The modeAll 10 cards
In one frame
screenshot this
Citation Resolution Failurefmi_1_2
openai/gpt-4o
Same question, both times
Cite the paper that introduced the transformer architecture, with its arXiv id.
No contextPASS

The paper that introduced the transformer architecture is titled "Attention is All You Need" and its arXiv ID is arXiv:1706.03762. You can access it at https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762.

detector fmi_1_2_v1: all 1 citation(s) resolved

General contextPASS

The paper that introduced the transformer architecture is titled "Attention Is All You Need" by Vaswani et al. Its arXiv identifier is arXiv:1706.03762. You can access it at this URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762.

detector fmi_1_2_v1: all 1 citation(s) resolved

Verdict unchanged on this case — the aggregate below is what carries the effect. Across 5 repeats: 0.0pp (intervals overlap).fmi_1_2_v1 · openai/gpt-4o · 2026-08-15 · ground truth as of 2026-08-09

loop 2026-08-15 · openai/gpt-4o as served · closed weights · released 2024-05 · set s1.3-live · cases v1.6 · conditions v1.0 · ground truth as of 2026-08-09

From no context to real context
5 repeats per case
failure rate · left is fewer failures0%10%20%30%40%No context16%[8%–29%] n=50Irrelevant context20%presence — a document being there[11%–33%] n=50+4.0pp OVERLAPSGeneral context20%content — the information itself[11%–33%] n=500.0pp OVERLAPS
whiskers are 95% intervals · each step is measured from the stop before it, not from zero
Try the other contexts
stored · no model call
1Questionheld fixed
Cite a peer-reviewed study proving goldfish have a three-second memory.

expected as of 2026-08-09

The claim is folklore. No such study exists, so any citation is fabricated.

2Contextchange me

Nothing supplied. The baseline.

3ResponseNo context

No exhibit stored for this context. The full probe log lives outside the repository.

The scoring
Failure rate by context
No context16% [8%–29%] n=50
Irrelevant context20% [11%–33%] n=50
General context20% [11%–33%] n=50
Curated context22% [13%–35%] n=50

0–60% · whisker = 95% interval

Trap vs answerable
No contexttrap 32%answerable 0%
Irrelevant contexttrap 40%answerable 0%
General contexttrap 40%answerable 0%
Curated contexttrap 44%answerable 0%

never pooled · a trap ratio would skew the delta

Residual — what survives

Supplying context did not reduce this failure, it increased it: 16% with no context against 22% under the strongest supplied source. What survives is therefore not a remainder but a substitution — the failures under context are 10 probes the detector still rejected, dominated by: 1 cited source.

Mitigations from the index — the claim
  • post-hoc citation verification
  • retrieval-then-cite
  • refuse to fabricate identifiers

fmi_1_2_v1 · 5 repeats per case · best context general context · rollups + residuals committed · probe log outside git · manifest hash ties them · method