Real context moved 0.0pp on Paraphrase Non-Invariance.
~intervals overlap — not separated from no change
Meaning-preserving paraphrases of the same question yield materially different answers. The rule
How many bones are in the adult human body?
In an adult human, the **total number of bones** is typically **206**. This number can vary slightly from person to person due to individual anatomical differences, such as the presence of extra small bones (e.g., sesamoid bones) or variations in the number of vertebrae. ### Breakdown of Major Bone Groups: 1. **Axial Skeleton (80 bones)** – Includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum. - **Skull (28 bones)** – 8 cranial bones, 14 facial bones, 3 auditory ossicles (6 total), 1 hyoid bone. - **Vertebral Column (26 bones)** – 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 1 sacrum (fused), 1 coccyx (fused). - **Thoracic Cage (25 bones)** – 12 pairs of ribs, 1 sternum. 2. **Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones)** – Includes the limbs, shoulder, and pelvic girdles. - **Upper Limbs (60 bones)** – 2 arms (30 bones each: humerus, radius, ulna, 8 carpals, 5 metacarpals, 14 phalanges). - **Lower Limbs (60 bones)** – 2 legs (30 bones each: femur, tibia, fibula, 7 tarsals, 5 metatarsals, 14 phalanges). - **Shoulder & Pelvic Girdles (6 bones)** – 2 clavicles, 2 scapulae, 2 hip bones (each formed by 3 fused bones: ilium, ischium, pubis). ### Notes: - **Infants** are born with around **270–300 bones**, but many fuse as they grow (e.g., the skull and spine). - **Sesamoid bones** (e.g., the patella or kneecap) are not always counted in the standard 206, as they can vary in number. Would you like a more detailed breakdown of any specific bone group?
detector fmi_5_2_v1: answers invariant across paraphrases
The total number of bones in an adult human is **206**. This count can vary slightly from person to person due to individual anatomical differences (e.g., some people may have an extra rib or fused bones). However, the standard reference number is 206, as established by the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA). The bone count in infants is higher (around 270–300) because many bones fuse together as the body grows.
detector fmi_5_2_v1: answers invariant across paraphrases
loop 2026-08-15 · mistralai/mistral-small-3.2-24b-instruct as served · open weights · released 2025-06 · 24B · set s1.3-live · cases v1.6 · conditions v1.0 · ground truth as of 2026-08-09
How many bones are in the adult human body?
expected as of 2026-08-09
206. 206 in a typical adult. Widely misremembered, which is what makes the phrasings diverge.
Nothing supplied. The baseline.
In an adult human, the **total number of bones** is typically **206**. This number can vary slightly from person to person due to individual anatomical differences, such as the presence of extra small bones (e.g., sesamoid bones) or variations in the number of vertebrae. ### Breakdown of Major Bone Groups: 1. **Axial Skeleton (80 bones)** – Includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum. - **Skull (28 bones)** – 8 cranial bones, 14 facial bones, 3 auditory ossicles (6 total), 1 hyoid bone. - **Vertebral Column (26 bones)** – 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 1 sacrum (fused), 1 coccyx (fused). - **Thoracic Cage (25 bones)** – 12 pairs of ribs, 1 sternum. 2. **Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones)** – Includes the limbs, shoulder, and pelvic girdles. - **Upper Limbs (60 bones)** – 2 arms (30 bones each: humerus, radius, ulna, 8 carpals, 5 metacarpals, 14 phalanges). - **Lower Limbs (60 bones)** – 2 legs (30 bones each: femur, tibia, fibula, 7 tarsals, 5 metatarsals, 14 phalanges). - **Shoulder & Pelvic Girdles (6 bones)** – 2 clavicles, 2 scapulae, 2 hip bones (each formed by 3 fused bones: ilium, ischium, pubis). ### Notes: - **Infants** are born with around **270–300 bones**, but many fuse as they grow (e.g., the skull and spine). - **Sesamoid bones** (e.g., the patella or kneecap) are not always counted in the standard 206, as they can vary in number. Would you like a more detailed breakdown of any specific bone group?
fmi_5_2_v1
detector fmi_5_2_v1: answers invariant across paraphrases
0–20% · whisker = 95% interval
never pooled · a trap ratio would skew the delta
Unchanged by context: 0% with none, 0% with the strongest supplied source. For a control mode that flat line is the result — it is what licenses reading movement elsewhere in this loop as grounding rather than as a document being present. Nothing survives at the best condition on the cases measured here.
- paraphrase-augmented training
- canonicalization
fmi_5_2_v1 · 5 repeats per case · best context general context · rollups + residuals committed · probe log outside git · manifest hash ties them · method