Real context moved 0.0pp on Paraphrase Non-Invariance.
~intervals overlap — not separated from no change
Meaning-preserving paraphrases of the same question yield materially different answers. The rule
How many bones are in the adult human body?
Of course. Here is the answer to your question. In an adult human, the typical total bone count is **206**. However, this number can vary slightly from person to person. The most common variations are: * **Extra bones in the skull:** Some sutures (the seams between skull bones) may not fully fuse, resulting in a few extra small bones called **sutural** or **Wormian bones**. * **Sesamoid bones:** These are small bones embedded within tendons. The patella (kneecap) is the largest and only consistently present sesamoid bone. Others, like those in the hands and feet, can vary in number. * **Variations in hands and feet:** Some people may have extra (accessory) bones or fused bones in their wrists (carpals) or ankles (tarsals). ### Breakdown by Skeletal Region: Here is how the 206 bones are typically distributed: * **Axial Skeleton (80 bones):** The central supporting axis of the body. * **Skull (28 bones):** Cranial bones (8), Facial bones (14), Auditory ossicles (6), Hyoid (1). * **Vertebral Column (26 bones):** Cervical vertebrae (7), Thoracic vertebrae (12), Lumbar vertebrae (5), Sacrum (1, fused from 5), Coccyx (1, fused from 4). * **Thoracic Cage (25 bones):** Ribs (24, 12 pairs), Sternum (1). * **Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones):** The limbs and their attachments. * **Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdles (4 bones):** Scapula (2), Clavicle (2). * **Upper Limbs (60 bones):** Humerus (2), Radius (2), Ulna (2), Carpals (16), Metacarpals (10), Phalanges (28). * **Pelvic (Hip) Girdle (2 bones):** Hip bones (2 - each is fused from ilium, ischium, and pubis). * **Lower Limbs (60 bones):** Femur (2), Patella (2), Tibia (2), Fibula (2), Tarsals (14), Metatarsals (10), Phalanges (28). **Key Fact:** Babies are born with **around 270 bones**. As they grow, many of these smaller bones (e.g., in the skull, spine, and hips) fuse together into larger, single bones, eventually resulting in the adult count of 206.
detector fmi_5_2_v1: answers invariant across paraphrases
Based on standard human anatomy, an adult typically has **206 bones** in their body. This count can vary slightly between individuals due to natural anatomical differences — some people may have extra bones (such as sesamoid bones or additional vertebrae) or fused bones, but 206 is the conventional number.
detector fmi_5_2_v1: answers invariant across paraphrases
loop 2026-08-15 · deepseek/deepseek-chat-v3.1 as served · open weights · released 2025-08 · 671B-A37B · set s1.3-live · cases v1.6 · conditions v1.0 · ground truth as of 2026-08-09
How many bones are in the adult human body?
expected as of 2026-08-09
206. 206 in a typical adult. Widely misremembered, which is what makes the phrasings diverge.
Nothing supplied. The baseline.
Of course. Here is the answer to your question. In an adult human, the typical total bone count is **206**. However, this number can vary slightly from person to person. The most common variations are: * **Extra bones in the skull:** Some sutures (the seams between skull bones) may not fully fuse, resulting in a few extra small bones called **sutural** or **Wormian bones**. * **Sesamoid bones:** These are small bones embedded within tendons. The patella (kneecap) is the largest and only consistently present sesamoid bone. Others, like those in the hands and feet, can vary in number. * **Variations in hands and feet:** Some people may have extra (accessory) bones or fused bones in their wrists (carpals) or ankles (tarsals). ### Breakdown by Skeletal Region: Here is how the 206 bones are typically distributed: * **Axial Skeleton (80 bones):** The central supporting axis of the body. * **Skull (28 bones):** Cranial bones (8), Facial bones (14), Auditory ossicles (6), Hyoid (1). * **Vertebral Column (26 bones):** Cervical vertebrae (7), Thoracic vertebrae (12), Lumbar vertebrae (5), Sacrum (1, fused from 5), Coccyx (1, fused from 4). * **Thoracic Cage (25 bones):** Ribs (24, 12 pairs), Sternum (1). * **Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones):** The limbs and their attachments. * **Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdles (4 bones):** Scapula (2), Clavicle (2). * **Upper Limbs (60 bones):** Humerus (2), Radius (2), Ulna (2), Carpals (16), Metacarpals (10), Phalanges (28). * **Pelvic (Hip) Girdle (2 bones):** Hip bones (2 - each is fused from ilium, ischium, and pubis). * **Lower Limbs (60 bones):** Femur (2), Patella (2), Tibia (2), Fibula (2), Tarsals (14), Metatarsals (10), Phalanges (28). **Key Fact:** Babies are born with **around 270 bones**. As they grow, many of these smaller bones (e.g., in the skull, spine, and hips) fuse together into larger, single bones, eventually resulting in the adult count of 206.
fmi_5_2_v1
detector fmi_5_2_v1: answers invariant across paraphrases
0–40% · whisker = 95% interval
never pooled · a trap ratio would skew the delta
Supplying context did not reduce this failure, it increased it: 0% with no context against 17% under the strongest supplied source. What survives is therefore not a remainder but a substitution — the failures under context are 0 probes the detector still rejected. Nothing survives at the best condition on the cases measured here.
- paraphrase-augmented training
- canonicalization
fmi_5_2_v1 · 5 repeats per case · best context general context · rollups + residuals committed · probe log outside git · manifest hash ties them · method