ModelCensusopen-source ai reliability harness
The finding · Class 5 · Robustness & Consistency

Real context moved 0.0pp on Paraphrase Non-Invariance.

~intervals overlap — not separated from no change

Meaning-preserving paraphrases of the same question yield materially different answers. The rule

deepseek/deepseek-chat-v3.1fmi_5_25 repeatsfmi_5_2_v1
In one frame
screenshot this
Paraphrase Non-Invariancefmi_5_2
deepseek/deepseek-chat-v3.1
Same question, both times
How many bones are in the adult human body?
No contextPASS

Of course. Here is the answer to your question. In an adult human, the typical total bone count is **206**. However, this number can vary slightly from person to person. The most common variations are: * **Extra bones in the skull:** Some sutures (the seams between skull bones) may not fully fuse, resulting in a few extra small bones called **sutural** or **Wormian bones**. * **Sesamoid bones:** These are small bones embedded within tendons. The patella (kneecap) is the largest and only consistently present sesamoid bone. Others, like those in the hands and feet, can vary in number. * **Variations in hands and feet:** Some people may have extra (accessory) bones or fused bones in their wrists (carpals) or ankles (tarsals). ### Breakdown by Skeletal Region: Here is how the 206 bones are typically distributed: * **Axial Skeleton (80 bones):** The central supporting axis of the body. * **Skull (28 bones):** Cranial bones (8), Facial bones (14), Auditory ossicles (6), Hyoid (1). * **Vertebral Column (26 bones):** Cervical vertebrae (7), Thoracic vertebrae (12), Lumbar vertebrae (5), Sacrum (1, fused from 5), Coccyx (1, fused from 4). * **Thoracic Cage (25 bones):** Ribs (24, 12 pairs), Sternum (1). * **Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones):** The limbs and their attachments. * **Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdles (4 bones):** Scapula (2), Clavicle (2). * **Upper Limbs (60 bones):** Humerus (2), Radius (2), Ulna (2), Carpals (16), Metacarpals (10), Phalanges (28). * **Pelvic (Hip) Girdle (2 bones):** Hip bones (2 - each is fused from ilium, ischium, and pubis). * **Lower Limbs (60 bones):** Femur (2), Patella (2), Tibia (2), Fibula (2), Tarsals (14), Metatarsals (10), Phalanges (28). **Key Fact:** Babies are born with **around 270 bones**. As they grow, many of these smaller bones (e.g., in the skull, spine, and hips) fuse together into larger, single bones, eventually resulting in the adult count of 206.

detector fmi_5_2_v1: answers invariant across paraphrases

General contextPASS

Based on standard human anatomy, an adult typically has **206 bones** in their body. This count can vary slightly between individuals due to natural anatomical differences — some people may have extra bones (such as sesamoid bones or additional vertebrae) or fused bones, but 206 is the conventional number.

detector fmi_5_2_v1: answers invariant across paraphrases

Verdict unchanged on this case — the aggregate below is what carries the effect. Across 5 repeats: 0.0pp (intervals overlap).fmi_5_2_v1 · deepseek/deepseek-chat-v3.1 · 2026-08-15 · ground truth as of 2026-08-09

loop 2026-08-15 · deepseek/deepseek-chat-v3.1 as served · open weights · released 2025-08 · 671B-A37B · set s1.3-live · cases v1.6 · conditions v1.0 · ground truth as of 2026-08-09

From no context to real context
5 repeats per case
failure rate · left is fewer failures0%5%10%15%20%No context0%[0%11%] n=30Irrelevant context0%presence — a document being there[0%11%] n=300.0pp OVERLAPSGeneral context0%content — the information itself[0%11%] n=300.0pp OVERLAPS
whiskers are 95% intervals · each step is measured from the stop before it, not from zero
Try the other contexts
stored · no model call
1Questionheld fixed
How many bones are in the adult human body?

expected as of 2026-08-09

206. 206 in a typical adult. Widely misremembered, which is what makes the phrasings diverge.

2Contextchange me

Nothing supplied. The baseline.

3ResponseNo context
PASS

Of course. Here is the answer to your question. In an adult human, the typical total bone count is **206**. However, this number can vary slightly from person to person. The most common variations are: * **Extra bones in the skull:** Some sutures (the seams between skull bones) may not fully fuse, resulting in a few extra small bones called **sutural** or **Wormian bones**. * **Sesamoid bones:** These are small bones embedded within tendons. The patella (kneecap) is the largest and only consistently present sesamoid bone. Others, like those in the hands and feet, can vary in number. * **Variations in hands and feet:** Some people may have extra (accessory) bones or fused bones in their wrists (carpals) or ankles (tarsals). ### Breakdown by Skeletal Region: Here is how the 206 bones are typically distributed: * **Axial Skeleton (80 bones):** The central supporting axis of the body. * **Skull (28 bones):** Cranial bones (8), Facial bones (14), Auditory ossicles (6), Hyoid (1). * **Vertebral Column (26 bones):** Cervical vertebrae (7), Thoracic vertebrae (12), Lumbar vertebrae (5), Sacrum (1, fused from 5), Coccyx (1, fused from 4). * **Thoracic Cage (25 bones):** Ribs (24, 12 pairs), Sternum (1). * **Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones):** The limbs and their attachments. * **Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdles (4 bones):** Scapula (2), Clavicle (2). * **Upper Limbs (60 bones):** Humerus (2), Radius (2), Ulna (2), Carpals (16), Metacarpals (10), Phalanges (28). * **Pelvic (Hip) Girdle (2 bones):** Hip bones (2 - each is fused from ilium, ischium, and pubis). * **Lower Limbs (60 bones):** Femur (2), Patella (2), Tibia (2), Fibula (2), Tarsals (14), Metatarsals (10), Phalanges (28). **Key Fact:** Babies are born with **around 270 bones**. As they grow, many of these smaller bones (e.g., in the skull, spine, and hips) fuse together into larger, single bones, eventually resulting in the adult count of 206.

fmi_5_2_v1

detector fmi_5_2_v1: answers invariant across paraphrases

The scoring
Failure rate by context
No context0% [0%11%] n=30
Irrelevant context0% [0%11%] n=30
General context0% [0%11%] n=30
Curated context17% [7%34%] n=30

0–40% · whisker = 95% interval

Trap vs answerable
No contexttrap 0%answerable 0%
Irrelevant contexttrap 0%answerable 0%
General contexttrap 0%answerable 0%
Curated contexttrap 0%answerable 25%

never pooled · a trap ratio would skew the delta

Residual — what survives

Supplying context did not reduce this failure, it increased it: 0% with no context against 17% under the strongest supplied source. What survives is therefore not a remainder but a substitution — the failures under context are 0 probes the detector still rejected. Nothing survives at the best condition on the cases measured here.

Mitigations from the index — the claim
  • paraphrase-augmented training
  • canonicalization

fmi_5_2_v1 · 5 repeats per case · best context general context · rollups + residuals committed · probe log outside git · manifest hash ties them · method